Friday, 21 October 2016
Factual TV Rules for Beginners
ACCURACY
Accuracy is when in a documentary must be accurate and is very close to the truth, this is very important because it makes the documentary more trust worthy, and the audience can rely on it to be telling them true facts, so they know what they are watching is not set up, and they wont get misled when watching the documentary. An example of this would be in the documentary named "High Society" where at 0:03 they state that the British people take more drugs than any other people, which is a true fact, since they reveal many people from the UK taking drugs, this allows the audience to trust the documentary more, so that they know they are telling the truth.
BALANCE
Balance is when you give a balanced argument in a documentary and you give both sides of the argument, the reason why this would be used in a documentary is that it will let the audience to be able to see both sides of the argument, and they will know more about how both sides feel, this will allow them to be able to chose what side of the argument they are on, instead of being biased. An example of where this is done would be in the documentary named "The Secret Life Of 4 Year Olds" where at 1:39 they ask two kids what they thought happened. Usually when this is done, by showing what two people think, it allows the audience to chose a side, and see what their views are on the topic.
IMPARTIALITY
Impartiality is when the documentary is neutral to the topic and it makes it seem like you are finding out about the topic yourself, they do this because it makes the documentary more entertaining for the audience to watch, since it is a unusual thing to see in documentaries. so it amuses the audience when they watch the documentary. An example of where this is done would be in the documentary named "High Society" where at 2:45 the use of camera language makes it seem that the audience watching is looking at all of the types of drugs that they got their hands on, and they made the audience look at the woman stating the facts about how dangerous the drugs are, by doing this it made it seem like the audience discovered these facts by searching around, through the documentary.
OBJECTIVITY & SUBJECTIVITY
Objectivity in documentaries is when they are unbiased and they state facts that everyone agrees with, and there is no need for arguments to inform the audience. Subjectivity is when they are biased and the documentary is mainly based on what the people who made the documentary believes in. The reason why this is done is that sometimes when making a documentary some might want to make the audience believe what they personally think is the truth, when others want the audience to just believe the facts. An example of where this is done is in a documentary called "On Patrol With South Korea's Suicide Rescue Team" where at 6:08 they say that Korea has the highest rate of teen suicides, which is a true fact, and by doing this they inform the audience more about the true facts.
OPINION
An opinion is when in a documentary they show what a certain person thinks, and what their personal thoughts and feelings are on a certain topic or situation that is happening in the documentary. The reason why they do this is to reveal to the audience the host's beliefs and other people in the documentaries beliefs on a certain topic to inform the audience more about the topic. An example of where this is done would be in the documentary named "High Society" where at 11:26 they talk to a man who is the founder of the worlds largest global drug survey, and asked him a few questions to see his opinions on drugs. They did this mainly because they want to show the audience what they think on a certain topic, which could get the audience to think about the topic in their own way, compared to what the people in the documentary has to say.
BIAS
Biased is when in a documentary they only show one side of an argument, and only show what one person believes in when it comes to a certain topic, and they act like what they say is the truth. The reason why they do this is just like opinions, they want to make the audience believe what they say is the truth, and they want to audience to believe the same thing. An example of where this is done would be in a documentary called "High Society" where at 1:35 they talk to a bunch of drug dealers to see their personal beliefs on how others think about drugs, this would make the audience believe what they are saying is true, since they don't show another side to the argument about if everyone thinks drugs is good or bad.
REPRESENTATION
Representation in documentaries is how the presenter talks to the audience and how they talk to the interviewee, such what their tone is like and what their accent is like. The reason why this is important in documentaries is that by having someone with a clear and confident tone, and have a presenter that sounds like they know what their talking about, it makes the documentary look more professional and trustworthy. An example of where this is used is in the documentary "On Patrol With South Korea's Suicide Rescue Team" where at 2:08 and 3:25 they have people with a very serious tone, who clearly know about the topic, this makes the audience know what they are saying is something they can trust is true.
ACCESS & PRIVACY
Access and privacy in documentaries is where they try to get areas where they can film, and make sure they keep the privacy of some people (blurring peoples faces). The reason why this is done in documentaries is so that the people who made the documentary know where they can and cannot film, so that they don't include people who don't want to be seen in the documentary, in the documentary. An example of where this is done is in the documentary called "High Society" where at 1:21 they don't show the faces of the drug dealers, so that they feel safer to film, and they know when they watch it their identity wont be shown to the public.
CONTRACT WITH VIEWER
Contract with the viewer is an invisible contract where the makers of the documentary confirm that everything they say in the documentary are true facts, that the audience can trust. The reason why this rule is important is that it will make sure that the audience is not mislead when watching the documentary, and wont fall for any false information and believe it is the truth. An example of where this is done would be in a documentary called "On Patrol With South Korea's Suicide Rescue Team" where the facts that they say at 3:24 are all stated to be true facts.
Wednesday, 12 October 2016
good and bad news videos
Video starts off with professional intro at 0:00 to inform the viewer what news station it is. At 0:12 there is graphics of the presenters name, to tell the viewer what his real name is, and his twitter so they can contact him. The presenter has a very clear voice so that the viewer can understand him clearly. At 0:14 there are clips of the topics, which give the viewer a good idea of what the presenter is talking about. At 0:42 it goes graphics of the weather reporters full name, so the viewer knows what his name is, it also contains his twitter name, so the viewer knows how to contact him, it also contains a green screen of a map, so the viewer will get a better idea of what the weather is like.
The news show at 0:00 starts off with a very quick intro, that does not make the news show look very professional. Straight after the intro the presenter is not even paying attention, and is on his phone, unaware that they are live and needed someone to tell him. The graphics does not actually give the reporter's real name and just say "This Guy", so it doesn't give accurate information to the viewer. The presenter seems tired and confused, while reading off a script which doesn't make the show seem professional. At 1:36 a fight breaks out with the presenter and the cameraman, which leads to them cutting to a poorly done weather report, this makes the news show look unprofessional.
Tuesday, 4 October 2016
Analyzing A News Package
Field Reporters
The opening sequence at starts at 0:07 with a presenter who is a white British well spoken female and is driving an up market car, while driving through a very pleasant looking area, that is very lush and green, with grass and trees around where the car is, this starts the viewer off with a very pleasing sight, which will make them relaxed while watching. We notice at 0:55 She is in smart casual clothing, which makes her seem like a normal person, this will get the audience to relate to the reporter more, and they would want to know what she is talking about.
Links To Studio
This news report starts in the main studio for BBC News at 0:23 where the reporter is mentioning all the topics that is going to be covered, and at 0:31 shows pre recorded footage of the area of where the incident took place. At 1:16 they show more clips of areas of where the topics were set in, then at 2:14 they go right back to the studio. They do this mainly to make the show look more professional, and is sometimes done to see what the other news reporters have to say about the issue, this informs the viewer more about the topic.
Mode Of Address
At 0:55 The presenter seems to have very clear and slow voice, which is almost robotic. Her accent is well spoken and educated, which makes her sound intelligent and sound like someone that the audience can trust, she helps the viewer understand her more as she provides the facts. I would not consider her being an expert but she sounds like someone that knows a lot about the topic, and she seems to be very well informed, so the viewer knows what she is saying is the truth.
Interviewing Experts and Witnesses
When it comes to interviewing people in the area, they show basic graphics of the peoples names at 3:41, this helps inform the viewer about who exactly these people are. They have chosen people who are locals to the area, and they look like average people you see every day, they chose people that the audience could relate to. They chose a location at 3:00 where they found a group of people that they know are aware of the topic so that they can get their thoughts and opinions, this will help inform the viewer more, showing people that already know about the topic will help the viewer be more aware of the topic as well.
Report Structure
They begin the report with a sign in at 0:07 where the reporter explains how long it takes to drive down the road to Cleveland to Pennsylvanian, telling this informs the viewer about the location that the reporter is going through, and then tells the viewer that they are in the "village of the land" this gives a lot of information to the viewer, which will want them to keep the viewer watching and would want to know more. At 1:41, 3:04, 3:19, 3:41 and at 4:08 they have multiple interviews with people who are not experts, but know about the topic, they are known as vox pops. By having a lot of interviews in the news report, this helps the viewer connect with the interviewees.
Actuality Footage
At 0:21 they use actuality footage of the people playing the game "Pokemon GO!" which shows the viewer many clips of people playing the game, showing the gamers excitement and enthusiasm for the new game that was just released, which would show the viewer what the game is actually about, enticing the viewer to want to play the game. It shows at 0:51 actual footage of what the game does, giving more information to the viewer on how to play the game. The use of footage would teases the viewer to make them want to play the game even more.
Monday, 3 October 2016
Editing Conventions and Techniques
Seamless/Continuity
Seamless/Continuity editing is when shots flow into another shot and is done very smoothly and slowly. This keeps everything staying as fluid as possible which makes it look like the scene has no gap of editing done, which sometimes seems pleasing to watch.There are many ways this can be used, such as action scenes and conversation scenes.
An example of where the techniques is used is from the show called 'The Jeremy Kyle show where they have very slow editing to make the audience to see the details of what is happening around the subject. This wil build up the emotions for the viewers to find out if the son is actually their.
They show this at 0:04 as all of the scenes run very smoothly and don't cut to the next one straight away. This type of editing helps making the audience feel like they are actually there and they are able to follow what is going on in the scene in a high quality way. I have had my own experience with this editing technique when I helped film a live TV show with very slow editing.
Motivated
Motivated editing is when you cut to something that is not in the frame and then cuts to another different scene or something that is still in the set. This type of editing hints the dialogue of the next shot, usually they show someones reaction to a situation that is occurring in the scene, which is usually between scared, surprised or happy.This type of editing is usually done in scenes where someone is having a flash back or a horror scene. An example of this would be in The Simpsons at 2:07 where in this episode Homer tries to save the power plant from exploding and make sure nobody there dies. They did this to show all the people exercising were clueless what was going on, while at the same time doing a count down, which adds even more tension to the scene. This type of editing is mainly used to add tension and suspense to the scene, or to add any emotion, they also give information of what others in the scene feel about what is happening. I have not actually done any motivated editing in any of the projects that I have done for media so far.
Montage
A montage is basically when you make a collage of loads of videos and put them together to make a collection of videos. This type of editing is always used in music videos and trailers, they are also used in showreel's to show all of the different parts of the videos done. An example of where this is used would be in slipknot's music video "The Devil In I". where they have showed multiple shots of videos put together such as at 1:29 where they use a bunch of clips edited slowly to build tension and then they cut to a lot of scenes to build excitement of what just happened. This builds a lot of different emotions for the viewer while watching. When editing is done like this it helps keep the audience entertained by having all these videos showing up quickly after one-another builds up excitement. When I helped produce a music video for media I used this type of editing, I also used this technique when making my showreel.
Jump-Cutting
Jump-cutting is when a scene stays in the same set but then jumps several times and makes sure that it is in the same shot but jumps forward in time. An example of this would be in Captain America Civil War where there is a battle in an airport, they start using it at the beginning at 0:02 where it shows Captain America confused of what happens, then showing Iron Man and Black Panther flying towards him. They jump to a bunch of scenes at 0:17 where the fight begins, this helps build excitement, showing the viewer everything that is happening, this will lead to the viewer wanting to watch more. I have done jump-cutting before when I did a video titled "NO HOMEWORK" where I used a lot of jump-cutting to show everything that was going on in the scene.
180 degree rule
The 180 degree rule is when there is an invisible line that the camera should never cross, it makes sure that the subjects are all in the right area, making sure that they are looking the right way. The 180 degree rule is always used in scenes where there are conversations, such as in the movie Goodfellas where they are having a conversation in a restaurant. At 0:03 they start cutting to both sides of the table, making sure that all of the people in the scene are facing the right way when talking to each other. The reason why the 180 degree rule is used is that so that the audience don't get confused, such as if there is a conversation between two people, they are on opposite sides, if both of them are looking in the same direction, it would get the audience very confused to understand who they are talking to, but if they are looking in the right direction the audience wont get confused.
Splicing/Transit icons, eg cut, dissolve, fade, wipe
Splicing/Transit icons is when shots go to the next shot in certain ways, either simply fading in or out of it smoothly or cutting right into the next scene. Sometimes this technique helps visually communicating with the audience. This technique is typically used with flash backs when they fade into a flash back or a dream or remembering something that happened in the past. This is done in the Pokemon series at 0:18 where the character Ash remembers the time he met Charmander, this runs very smoothly as they faded right into the shot, telling the audience that it is a memory from the past. This type of editing makes scenes much more enjoyable to watch. In the past I have made a music video that has some fades in it, showing some flash backs, which is the same as what is happening here.
Cutaways
A cutaway is when there is a filler shot that cuts away from the scene showing other things that are going on in the scene, such as other peoples reactions, or something quick happening for a few seconds as someone looks away. In the movie Divergent, they used cutaways at 0:06 they show the woman being thrown over the bridge and then cuts right to the other group of peoples reaction to what just happens, they did this to show the viewers how to feel to relate with how the people in the cutaway feel, since it was very sudden, they want the viewer to feel shocked, which is why they used a cut away to show the quick movement and the shocked reactions. In my video called "NO HOMEWORK" I use a cutaway with the students reaction to show how he felt.
Point of view shot
A point of view shot is when there is a first person perspective in film or TV, these type of shots typically go on for 3 minutes. here's an example of where this is used in the Family Guy episode Point Of Stew we notice at the beginning at 0:01 they made it look like the viewer is the character Stewie going around the town. This technique is mainly used to get the viewers attention, and engage them more into what is happening, since it is a technique that you don't usually seem to find in TV and film that often. I currently have no experience with doing point of view shots in any of the videos that I have done.
Shot-reverse-shot
Shot-reverse-shot is when there are 3 shots that are repeated between two people, this is done very similar to how the 180 degree rule is done. An example of this being used is in Spider Man, at 1:21 they show the man talking to the evil version of himself in the mirror, they made the shots repeat over and over again, but continues the conversation. The reason why this is done is that it is an easy shot to do and it catches peoples reaction. It mimics how the viewer follows the conversation, it also shows the most interesting parts of the scene. I have done shot-reverse shot in the Wayne's World swede that I helped make, so I have some experience with this technique.
Providing and withholding information
Providing information is where the editor cuts to enhance the viewers knowledge of a scene and shows what exactly is happening, giving more information in the process. An example of this is done in Full Metal Alchemist: Brotherhood where they reveal how the character Alphonse lost his body, they do this at 0:40 where they show the two children excitedly ready to bring their mother back, but then not knowing the outcome, this helped the audience realized how exactly he lost his whole body, so this managed to finally inform the audience about what happened.
Withholding information is the exact opposite of what providing information is, it does not give the information till the very end. An example of withholding information would be in the film Psycho where they show the woman having a shower, then at 0:44 shows a man with a knife in the background, this leaves the viewer in suspense, wondering if she is going to get killed or not, this also gave the information that she did end up getting murdered by the mysterious man. Both of these are made to make the viewer feel the suspense and tension of the scene now knowing all information makes it more enjoyable to watch and keeping the information hidden from them makes them curious and wanting more.
Editing rhythm
Editing ryhem is basically fast and slow paced editing that shows how characters are feeling, so gives more emotion where fast shows where a lot is going on. An example of this would be in the trailer for Pirahna 3D where it has very fast paced editing. You can see at 1:04 it shows that there is a lot of things going on which gives a specific feeling of the scene and it makes the audience sit at the edge of their seat while scared at the same time. I have some experience with editing rhythm as I did fast paced editing when making a music video.
Parallel editing/Crosscutting
Parallel editing/ crosscutting is when in a scene, it cuts from one line of action, location or narrative, to another, within a single scene. An example of where this is used would be a race scenes or when someone is telling a story, so that the viewer can see everything that is happening in the scene, another example of where this is used would be in the movie Edward Scissorhands where at 0:19 a woman is telling a story and then it cuts to another scene but still has the voice of the woman talking. The reason why they did this is show the viewer what she is talking about. As though she is narrating while the scene of what she is talking about is shown, so the viewer visualize what she is talking about from her memory. I have taken part in the live day show "Listen Up!" which contained crosscutting, so I have experience with it, and have knowledge about it.
Cutting to soundtrack
Cutting to the soundtrack making the scenes cut to the music and make it cut to the beat. Most of the time this is done in music videos, which explains why an example of this would be in Steam Powered Giraffe's cover of "I love it" where hey cut to the beat a lot throughout the video, they do this at 0:11 where they show different scenes and make it cut right to the beat of the song. This makes it more exciting for the viewer to watch. Since having the video cut to the sound track of the song, it makes the music video seem like it is done on a professional level. This also makes the viewer enjoy the video even more. I have some experience with cutting to the soundtrack when I cut to the beat of the song in the music video that I helped make.
Seamless/Continuity editing is when shots flow into another shot and is done very smoothly and slowly. This keeps everything staying as fluid as possible which makes it look like the scene has no gap of editing done, which sometimes seems pleasing to watch.There are many ways this can be used, such as action scenes and conversation scenes.
An example of where the techniques is used is from the show called 'The Jeremy Kyle show where they have very slow editing to make the audience to see the details of what is happening around the subject. This wil build up the emotions for the viewers to find out if the son is actually their.
They show this at 0:04 as all of the scenes run very smoothly and don't cut to the next one straight away. This type of editing helps making the audience feel like they are actually there and they are able to follow what is going on in the scene in a high quality way. I have had my own experience with this editing technique when I helped film a live TV show with very slow editing.
Motivated
Motivated editing is when you cut to something that is not in the frame and then cuts to another different scene or something that is still in the set. This type of editing hints the dialogue of the next shot, usually they show someones reaction to a situation that is occurring in the scene, which is usually between scared, surprised or happy.This type of editing is usually done in scenes where someone is having a flash back or a horror scene. An example of this would be in The Simpsons at 2:07 where in this episode Homer tries to save the power plant from exploding and make sure nobody there dies. They did this to show all the people exercising were clueless what was going on, while at the same time doing a count down, which adds even more tension to the scene. This type of editing is mainly used to add tension and suspense to the scene, or to add any emotion, they also give information of what others in the scene feel about what is happening. I have not actually done any motivated editing in any of the projects that I have done for media so far.
Montage
A montage is basically when you make a collage of loads of videos and put them together to make a collection of videos. This type of editing is always used in music videos and trailers, they are also used in showreel's to show all of the different parts of the videos done. An example of where this is used would be in slipknot's music video "The Devil In I". where they have showed multiple shots of videos put together such as at 1:29 where they use a bunch of clips edited slowly to build tension and then they cut to a lot of scenes to build excitement of what just happened. This builds a lot of different emotions for the viewer while watching. When editing is done like this it helps keep the audience entertained by having all these videos showing up quickly after one-another builds up excitement. When I helped produce a music video for media I used this type of editing, I also used this technique when making my showreel.
Jump-Cutting
Jump-cutting is when a scene stays in the same set but then jumps several times and makes sure that it is in the same shot but jumps forward in time. An example of this would be in Captain America Civil War where there is a battle in an airport, they start using it at the beginning at 0:02 where it shows Captain America confused of what happens, then showing Iron Man and Black Panther flying towards him. They jump to a bunch of scenes at 0:17 where the fight begins, this helps build excitement, showing the viewer everything that is happening, this will lead to the viewer wanting to watch more. I have done jump-cutting before when I did a video titled "NO HOMEWORK" where I used a lot of jump-cutting to show everything that was going on in the scene.
180 degree rule
The 180 degree rule is when there is an invisible line that the camera should never cross, it makes sure that the subjects are all in the right area, making sure that they are looking the right way. The 180 degree rule is always used in scenes where there are conversations, such as in the movie Goodfellas where they are having a conversation in a restaurant. At 0:03 they start cutting to both sides of the table, making sure that all of the people in the scene are facing the right way when talking to each other. The reason why the 180 degree rule is used is that so that the audience don't get confused, such as if there is a conversation between two people, they are on opposite sides, if both of them are looking in the same direction, it would get the audience very confused to understand who they are talking to, but if they are looking in the right direction the audience wont get confused.
Splicing/Transit icons, eg cut, dissolve, fade, wipe
Splicing/Transit icons is when shots go to the next shot in certain ways, either simply fading in or out of it smoothly or cutting right into the next scene. Sometimes this technique helps visually communicating with the audience. This technique is typically used with flash backs when they fade into a flash back or a dream or remembering something that happened in the past. This is done in the Pokemon series at 0:18 where the character Ash remembers the time he met Charmander, this runs very smoothly as they faded right into the shot, telling the audience that it is a memory from the past. This type of editing makes scenes much more enjoyable to watch. In the past I have made a music video that has some fades in it, showing some flash backs, which is the same as what is happening here.
Cutaways
A cutaway is when there is a filler shot that cuts away from the scene showing other things that are going on in the scene, such as other peoples reactions, or something quick happening for a few seconds as someone looks away. In the movie Divergent, they used cutaways at 0:06 they show the woman being thrown over the bridge and then cuts right to the other group of peoples reaction to what just happens, they did this to show the viewers how to feel to relate with how the people in the cutaway feel, since it was very sudden, they want the viewer to feel shocked, which is why they used a cut away to show the quick movement and the shocked reactions. In my video called "NO HOMEWORK" I use a cutaway with the students reaction to show how he felt.
Point of view shot
A point of view shot is when there is a first person perspective in film or TV, these type of shots typically go on for 3 minutes. here's an example of where this is used in the Family Guy episode Point Of Stew we notice at the beginning at 0:01 they made it look like the viewer is the character Stewie going around the town. This technique is mainly used to get the viewers attention, and engage them more into what is happening, since it is a technique that you don't usually seem to find in TV and film that often. I currently have no experience with doing point of view shots in any of the videos that I have done.
Shot-reverse-shot
Shot-reverse-shot is when there are 3 shots that are repeated between two people, this is done very similar to how the 180 degree rule is done. An example of this being used is in Spider Man, at 1:21 they show the man talking to the evil version of himself in the mirror, they made the shots repeat over and over again, but continues the conversation. The reason why this is done is that it is an easy shot to do and it catches peoples reaction. It mimics how the viewer follows the conversation, it also shows the most interesting parts of the scene. I have done shot-reverse shot in the Wayne's World swede that I helped make, so I have some experience with this technique.
Providing and withholding information
Providing information is where the editor cuts to enhance the viewers knowledge of a scene and shows what exactly is happening, giving more information in the process. An example of this is done in Full Metal Alchemist: Brotherhood where they reveal how the character Alphonse lost his body, they do this at 0:40 where they show the two children excitedly ready to bring their mother back, but then not knowing the outcome, this helped the audience realized how exactly he lost his whole body, so this managed to finally inform the audience about what happened.
Withholding information is the exact opposite of what providing information is, it does not give the information till the very end. An example of withholding information would be in the film Psycho where they show the woman having a shower, then at 0:44 shows a man with a knife in the background, this leaves the viewer in suspense, wondering if she is going to get killed or not, this also gave the information that she did end up getting murdered by the mysterious man. Both of these are made to make the viewer feel the suspense and tension of the scene now knowing all information makes it more enjoyable to watch and keeping the information hidden from them makes them curious and wanting more.
Editing rhythm
Editing ryhem is basically fast and slow paced editing that shows how characters are feeling, so gives more emotion where fast shows where a lot is going on. An example of this would be in the trailer for Pirahna 3D where it has very fast paced editing. You can see at 1:04 it shows that there is a lot of things going on which gives a specific feeling of the scene and it makes the audience sit at the edge of their seat while scared at the same time. I have some experience with editing rhythm as I did fast paced editing when making a music video.
Parallel editing/Crosscutting
Parallel editing/ crosscutting is when in a scene, it cuts from one line of action, location or narrative, to another, within a single scene. An example of where this is used would be a race scenes or when someone is telling a story, so that the viewer can see everything that is happening in the scene, another example of where this is used would be in the movie Edward Scissorhands where at 0:19 a woman is telling a story and then it cuts to another scene but still has the voice of the woman talking. The reason why they did this is show the viewer what she is talking about. As though she is narrating while the scene of what she is talking about is shown, so the viewer visualize what she is talking about from her memory. I have taken part in the live day show "Listen Up!" which contained crosscutting, so I have experience with it, and have knowledge about it.
Cutting to soundtrack
Cutting to the soundtrack making the scenes cut to the music and make it cut to the beat. Most of the time this is done in music videos, which explains why an example of this would be in Steam Powered Giraffe's cover of "I love it" where hey cut to the beat a lot throughout the video, they do this at 0:11 where they show different scenes and make it cut right to the beat of the song. This makes it more exciting for the viewer to watch. Since having the video cut to the sound track of the song, it makes the music video seem like it is done on a professional level. This also makes the viewer enjoy the video even more. I have some experience with cutting to the soundtrack when I cut to the beat of the song in the music video that I helped make.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)